EasinessOf Obligations & Ridding Of HardshipsAnd Embarrassment

SocialDealings – Transaction

Transactionhere is meant as an economic activity, of all kinds. Allah has laiddown thebroad rules, and left the detailed procedures to time and place. Amongtheserules are: prohibition of usury, snobbery , cheating , wrong-doing ,bearingfalse witness , false swearing and  squandering the property oforphans. Inthe case of disputes, forgiveness is recommended ; and Islam enjoinsthatjudgment be meted out according to law and justice , and on therecognition ofhuman and religious values, in general .

TheFamily

Thefamily has a high place in Islam, being based on the bond of freemarriage andself-sufficiency, with complete consent. Also to live with mutualkindness andCo-operation in the discharge of responsibility on the part of themarriedcouple and with respect for each other.

AllahMost High said:

“Andyou (men) must live with them (women) in equity and honour according tothemanner and Islamic laws of matrimony. And should you take to them somuchdislike; it may happen that you dislike something whereby God makes allgraceabound ”   (Sura4: 19)

AndHe gave the man the supervision in the family, as is the case withevery group,which co-operates in affairs of mutual interest. .

Allah Most High said:

“Andwomen have as much rights as they have of obligations in equity, andmen are astep higher than they are in the scale of responsibility. ” (Sura2:228)

Andwhat nominated the male partner to this leadership is what Allah hasgranted himout of his (the male’s) propensities and of what He has charged himwith fendingfor the wife and all other members of the family.

AllahMost High said:

“Men are the tutelary guardians of women’s interest and welfare byconsequence ofthe inherent constitutional, qualities and attributes which God hasinvested inone above the other, and by virtue of the expenditure they incur. ” (Sura4 :34 )

Thebasic principle of marriage is what it should be with a single femalepartner,and the permissibility of numbering up to four, observing the conditionof theability to provide for them, and equitable treatment among them ininteraction;observing as well that Co-habitation and unlawful sexual-relations areprohibited.

Whena dispute arises between husband and wife, Islam calls for compromiseandleniency, and if compromise proves impossible, and there is no way outofseparation, then divorce becomes permissible; although Allah abhors it,if realneed does not arise for that. Allah has told us to pronounce theintention todivorce several times within a prescribed period. This allows thehusband andwife to think about what they are doing and give them the opportunityto repairtheir matrimonial life. It is the best treatment which recent laws haveresortedto, just as , it had been in previous Divine religions.

Islamhas enjoined good care of the offspring, physically, intellectually,spiritually, and morally; just as it has enjoined the offspring tohonour theirparents; and Islam calls for continual contact between blood relationsfor thestrengthening of family ties. It made inheritance within the familycircle alegal right, both for young and old, according to the proportion, whichtheNoble Qur’an and Sunnah have laid down.

ThePolitical Estate

Islamhas founded the political estate upon the basis of Shari’ahconsultation,justice and Co-operation based on good deeds: and so the ruler isresponsiblefor (and to) his subjects, to provide for their good, and defend andprotectthem against evil or harm. The ruler must judge among them withjustice. As forthe ruled, they are requested to obey, in what is not disobedient toAllah. Theyshould be loyal, arid Co-operative in giving useful advice and guidance.

AllahMost High said:

“Godcommands you to characterize yourselves with habitual reverence,obedience andpiety, and to restore the

propertyand whatever you hold in trust, be it from God or from people, to thosewho havethe rightful claim to it (and / or ) to those who have invested, youwith thetrust, and to exercise justice to the end that when you sit in judgmentuponpeople, you be consonant with the principles of moral right and inaccordancewith reason and fact. In point of fact God only enjoins what is rightand sound;how morally excellent is what He exhorts you to do, God is Omnipresentwithillimitable audition, He sees all that you do.

Oyou whose hearts have been touched with the Divine hand: obey God andbesubmissive to His will and obey the Apostle who is the only mediumthrough whomGod’s guidance, command, ordinance and word are conveyed and expressedAnd obeythose among you who, are invested with authority.  Nonetheless,should youseem resolved to dispute any subject or a concern, then resort to Cod’sBook-theQur’an- and betake yourselves to the Apostle for aid if in fact yourhearts havebeen impressed with image of religious and spiritual virtues and youarestrongly disposed to believe that the last Day is conformable toreality. Thisis a wise course of action that ensures safety and leads to theintended purpose” (Sura4: 58-59)

Allah Most High also said:

“And(O Mohammad) consult with them (the companions) upon matters of greatmoment,matters on which you received no divine authoritative instructions.” (Sura3: 159)

AndHe said:

“Andconduct their affairs and ordinary pursuits of life by taking counseltogetherto establish justice and integrity “,(Sura 42:38)

Onthe basis of this, Islam guarantees to the Muslim, freedom of opinionfor thecommon good of all, without stirring unrest or disintegrating unity,from thepoint of view of the obligation of building on encouraging the good andforbidding the repugnant.

Toguarantee security and the best Co-operation between, the ruler and theruled,and among individuals one to the other. Islam has laid a systemforrights, andto guard against the forbidden; such as protecting life, lineage ,honour,wealth ,the intellect and religion. It has therefore ordaineddisciplinarypunishment . or retribution which in some cases , can amount to thedeathpenalty in the case of willful murder .

Andthere are the penalties imposed for the good of society; since the evilorgan,if left alone, will spoil the whole body.

AllahMost High said:

“Oyou people who reflect : you have in the law of retaliation abond withrestraining force which puts a check on Willful murder, redresses yourgrievances and  confers on you protection and security, to the endthat you( may hopefully lift to God your inward sight and entertain theprofoundreverence dutiful to Him ” (Sura2:179)

Islamlaid down strict conditions and made reservation for proving thesecrimes, andthe meting out of the punishment prescribed on them. And it is intheHadith :” Try to prevent execution of the legal punishments-bysearching forextenuating circumstances “suspicions”.

 InternationalRelations

Islamhas instituted these laws on the basis of peace as stated in the HolyQur’an ,Allah Most High said in connection with the rights of polytheists:

“As long as  they stand true to you ,you  will have  tostand trueto them. “(Sura9:7)

ThenHe said:

“If they incline to reconcile themselves with their own heart  andwith Godand make peace, then be willing to take that risk and incline thereto,and putyour trust  in God; He is Omnipresent with illimitable audition. “(Sura8: 61)

Andagain He said:

“Oyou people whose hearts reflect the image of religious and spiritualvirtues :Enter into friendly relations with one another and promote allGod’srequirement of peace and good order and do not follow the footsteps ofSatan norwalk in the footsteps of those with characteristics befitting Satan :heisindeed your avowed enemy. ” (Sura2:208)

TheLegitimacy of war

Waris never ordained but out of necessity .That is , to ward off enmityand protectthe sacred institutions and to safeguard the propagation of religion ,in orderto reach the whole world. Regarding the legitimacy of war generally,

AllahMost High said:

“And were it not that God represses some people by others, the worldwould havegone to mischief . ” (Sura2:251)

Allahenjoined Muslims that whenever they waged war, they should observe thelimits ofnecessity, concentrating on the principles of justice, mercy andequityand not kill those who are not engaged in the act of the war, and Hepreventsthe destruction of no avail in breaking the force of the enemy, and inwinningthe battle

Asstated in the Holy Qur’an .

AllahMost High said :

“And make it  the heart of your purpose, to fight in the cause ofGod thosewho wage war against  you, but do not take the initiative totransgress;God dislikes those who go beyond the limits prescribed by Him “(Sura2: 190)

Theinjunctions of the Prophet and of his companions on this matter aremany.

Warin Islam is never for the hatred of people ,forcing them to embraceIslamagainst their will. Creeds , are never inculcated by force .

AsAllah Most High has said, throughthemouth of Noah:

“ShallWe impose such spiritual enlightenment on you when you are prejudicedagainstit! ” (Sura11:28)

ThenHe said to Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) as stated in the Holy Qur’an :

“And say to them: < <God’s truth has come to guide us into alltruth and hewho wishes to acknowledge it with  judgment and choice is free todo so andhe who wishes to reject it is free to do so (Sura18:29)

TheRapidity Reason of Spreading Islam

        AllahAlmighty has said:

“Compulsion is incompatible with religion, therefore let there be nocompulsionin religion Now has the path of rectitude been made distinct from thepath oferror and holiness from vindictiveness.  “(Sura2:256)

Andso the Islamic conquests in the epoch of the Rightly Guided Caliphs ,were basedon this merciful principle.

Therefore,the -rapidity with which Islam was spread never bad the sword for itsreason;rather was it owing to what Islam conveyed or taught , out of the nobleprinciples, for which the hearts of people had been  yearning, Inorder tolead them from darkness into light and owing to the wonder of thepeople at thecharacter of the Muslims  who conversed with them during theirtravelsand adventures, and by trade missions alike.

Bythis way , many nations entered Islam voluntarily  at a time whenthe swordwas weak as a result of the weakness of political authority.Indeed, therehad been a time when every Muslim was considered a ‘Caller toIslam , withwisdom and gentle advice as the Qur’an has  enjoined .

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Chapter Five